Tao Te Ching道德经
Tao Te Ching/Chapter 80

A Small State, Few People

小国寡民
Xiǎo Guó Guǎ Mín

A small state with few people: boats and armour unused, the people back at the knotted cord, and the next village so near that the cocks and dogs are heard — and they grow old and die without ever going there.

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5 sentences · 4 notes
小xiǎo国guó寡guǎ民mín。使shǐ有yǒu什shén伯bó之zhī器qì而ér不bù用yòng;使shǐ民mín重zhòng死sǐ而ér不bù远yuǎn徙xǐ。

1In a little state with a small population, I would so order it, that, though there were individuals with the abilities of ten or a hundred men, there should be no employment of them; I would make the people, while looking on death as a grievous thing, yet not remove elsewhere (to avoid it).

虽suī有yǒu舟zhōu舆yú,无wú所suǒ乘chéng之zhī;虽suī有yǒu甲jiǎ兵bīng,无wú所suǒ陈chén之zhī。

2Though they had boats and carriages, they should have no occasion to ride in them; though they had buff coats and sharp weapons, they should have no occasion to don or use them.

使shǐ民mín复fù结jié绳shéng而ér用yòng之zhī。

3I would make the people return to the use of knotted cords (instead of the written characters).

甘gān其qí食shí,美měi其qí服fú,安ān其qí居jū,乐lè其qí俗sú。

4They should think their (coarse) food sweet; their (plain) clothes beautiful; their (poor) dwellings places of rest; and their common (simple) ways sources of enjoyment.

邻lín国guó相xiāng望wàng,鸡jī犬quǎn之zhī声shēng相xiāng闻wén,民mín至zhì老lǎo死sǐ,不bù相xiāng往wǎng来lái。

5There should be a neighbouring state within sight, and the voices of the fowls and dogs should be heard all the way from it to us, but I would make the people to old age, even to death, not have any intercourse with it.

Chinese commentary · 4 notes

The notes printed with this chapter in Chinese editions, kept in Chinese, for readers who come to the text that way.

1什:十。伯:百。

2徙:迁移。

3舆:车子。

4结绳:远古时原始人没有文字,在绳上打结来帮助记忆。

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