thereupon; as a result; consequently; thus; hence

When Spain colonized the Philippines, they were administrated by Mexico City. So it was Mexican Spanish, not Castilian Spanish, that influenced Tagalog.

When Heaven is about to bestow a great responsibility on a person, it must first distress their mind, exhaust their muscles and bones, starve their body, and deprive them of resources, making their actions go against their will. This is done to stimulate their heart and temper their character, thereby increasing what they are capable of.

Tom is hesitant to visit Mary in the hospital.

Then arose the question of where we were to get the necessary machinery.

Ellen was so tired that she went to bed early.