difference; discrepancy

Because all of the teams in the Premier League are really strong, the goal difference is usually small.

Different variants of Shanghainese differ greatly with each other.

There are subtle differences between the two pictures.

The greater the difference between the null hypothesis and an outcome, and the larger the sample size, the more confident one can be that the outcome is meaningful.

The lesson of history is always that things have been otherwise in different times and places and thus could now be otherwise as well.